Primer for internal combustion engines



Oct.A 13, 1931. 1 Q GQVER l I 1,826,771

PRIMER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Deo. l0, 1930 I/Wwr.- James C G01/er.

Patented ct. 13, 19.31

UNITED Asr-A'1s- JAMES c. Govan, or NEWTON,v IOWA PRIMER non INTERNAL coMBUs'rIoN ENGINES Application inea member 1o, 1930. serial No. 501,243.

- bustion enginesvoperable Athrough independent air and liquid fuel supply means to com-A bine and mix a fuelcharge for an internal combustion engine.

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide an improved primer for internalcoml bustion engines operablev to heat the fuel charge to be initially fed to an internal combustion engine.

A further obJect of the invention is to provide an improvedv primer for'internal com-V bustion engines operable to 1ndependently` heat' the air and fuel to be combined into the initial fuel charge for an internal combustion engine.

vide an rimproved primer for internal' combustion engines operable through asingle' means to independently andsimultaneously heat the air and fuel to be combined into -t-he initial fuel charge for an internal combusf tion engine.

A further object ofthe invention is to provide an improved primer for internal com-` parallel relation wlth said shell at one side `bustionengines normally springfheld to inoperative relation of its elements.

internal combustion engines operable to simultaneously and independently control the air and fuel fed ihrough said primer.v

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide improved means for mounting a primer in operative relation with an. internalcomfk 5o arrangement and combination of elements u A further.obj ect of the invention Vis to pro- A further object of the invention is to prof vide improved control means in a primer for hereinafter set forth, pointed outin my claims and illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which-v l Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved primer as assembled, mounted and'connected 55 for practicalV use, -certain elements being broken away to conserve space. Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, partly in section and with a portion of the principal housing broken away to show .interior arrangement. Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the longitudinal axis ofFigure 1 and on an enlarged scale relative tothe preceding figures. Figure 4. is a plan viewy of a preferred. form of connector ork adapter for operative mounting yof the 'improved primer.

In the construction of thev improvement as shown,- the numeral 10 designates a hollow, openended shell, preferably -substantially cylindrical in form, formed offany suitable heat :resistant material such as .metal in any desired manner. Transversely ofthe ends of the shell 10, closure plates `11 and-12 are disposed in spaced, parallel relation andare. suitably securedy to said shell in any desired ),-5 manner, screwsv 13 engaging through said plates with annular flanges formed on the ends `of vsaid shell beinglillustrated as one' convenient method of removably, mounting said plates. Within thehousing formed by the shell 10 andy plates 11 and 1 2, secured at one end to and closing against the plate 11, a" metallic cylinderltis positionedy in axially ofand spaced somewhat from the adjacent S5 wall of said housing. The cylinderI 14 extends axially a distance somewhat less than the lengthfof the shell10 and is closed at its inner end. to form a chamber entirely sealed from `the interior of said shell except as hereinafter specifically set forth.v 'A'tube' 0r pipe V 15 is suitably connected with a `liquid fuell supply (not shown) and extends through theplate 11 toterminate in an open end within the chamber-'formed by the cyl-1 95 inder 14, a suitable packing gland 16 sealing the joint between said plate 11 and pipe 15 to -prevent leakage fro-mlthe cylinder 14. The outer surface of the cylinder 14: supports a coil of electrically-heatablev wire 17 suit- 10o ably Wrapped on said cylinder and electricalvide a passage Wherethrough air may pass ly insulated therefrom, a sheet 18 of suitable to the interior of the shell 10. A control rod insulating material being shown about said 30` isswiveled to and. extends through the cylinder Within the coil 17. o' One end of Closed end of the valve 26 and terminates the coil 17 is operatively connected yvith y,the Within the shell 10 in a sleeve portion 3l, 70

metal vof the cylinder 14 and the other end of form-ed With an angular bore wherein is tel said coil connects -vvith a.;binding post 19 escopically received the outerendI of theI carried. by/and insulated from l therpflate11, needl'evalve 24, whereby rotationof the cona conductor 2O operatively connecting said trol rod 3() may be transmitted for adjustbinding post through suitable switch mechament of said needle valve. `The outer por- 255 nism (not shown) With a source oi'felectrica-l 't tionof-thefrodSOis extended through suitenergy, so that, when theother polef .Said ableguides and ittingsto a location Within source of energy is connected 'Withthe metal convenient reacho-t an operator Where it terlic parts of the internalcoinbustionengineior minates.inrabutton orcsimilar operating de- !.5 primer, a circuit may be establish-ed through vice 32. S0 thecoil-x lfto heat said .coils and-consequentlvz:l The mixing'valve 2l maybe operatively heat-the cylinderilliandiits-contentes.. Pos,v connected miranti-suitable manncruvitlr thetioned in and opening throughV the.platey l1 intake ports ot an internal combustion len-1` above'the Ycylinderl4L isa mixing fvalvefQl, gineafpreterred means of eiectingsuc-h con- 20vvhich valve comprises:aoblockaotsuitable nection;beingilhistrated. As shown, a `conmaterialjittedfclosely int-o anapertureinsaidi nector Bttfrined..Witltacentral bore adapt-.,- plate and formed With; -a-central, aX-ialborez' ed to register Withthe bore of anintakemamieV andapluralityofigauXliary holes eaohfat auf. fold-.is provided with a side openingthroat anglenvvith saidiy axialoborefr Aneedlefvalwes 34. .comniunicatingvlwit-h its cent-ralboreand housing 22is-p0sitioned Withintheeshell lll: is adapted toy be clampedwagainst,suitablee. in, operativecommunication vvithfthe.centralix gasketsbetween the throat ot a'carburetmf-v borelof'themixing vallve-21and is .operativ and the -gend B6 et the, intake manifold to,y 1y connected vvith the cylinderflitvbymean` which the carburetor normally attaches-the otra. suitableftube.E235 so that passage isfproel enduot the throat Blfbeing operativelycon- Sdvided treme the interior: oft said: cylinder ii nected with the outer side otthemixingvalve t; througlrsaidtubeahousing @Zand the Genn 1 2l b'y means of a conduit 3'? extending there tral bore ot the mixing valve $212.. Infthreadbetvveenwhi-ch conduit may Well be et flexible edI engagement; through andiextendinggat,once construction if desired. Apertured earsBS.l end beyond` the inner-end of said hnusiugrz: may"beprovided on the plates l1 and l2 for 3?, -is mounted aneedlevalve 24 rotatablyadjustattachment to suitable brackets or structural 3Go,

ablerelative tosaidhousingito openlorclosea elements to support the primer in ,the detherpassageiabove,describedrtheend Of the.. sired relation with internal combustion: needlevalve Without'said hQuSnglhcDg-anr, engine.' gularin crosssection-Efor.alpurposevvhichh As indicated at 39 the inner Wally @tithe 4Q'viW1'lf hereinafter appeanfr AXfially alineda shell lOfmaybercovered-With asbestos or :sim-

Withtheneedle Valve housingalgOpllzGllde e'. ilarhcat insulating in aterialto minimize. heat. sleeve;25,z.preterablyicylindrical; in@ o-r1n, is; radiation from said shelL fixed lat oneend to 'landropens through their lnvthe practical operation ofthe improved PlatelgOI"POSitioningWithinnt-heshlellflQa.. primer coiistmicted,v arranged land connectedl 45..Fitted. closely Within and slidable axially' rele as abovel described,V the needlefvalve 9A .and Alic ativetothe sleeve 25,a;hollowiplungersvalveg plunger valve 26 are normally closed and the 25 .formed W'ithhani nllerzopen; endaand ana primer-then in oper-ativc.-V Wfl-ien desired to outer closed. Aend is:mountedpilrlsllgirelas usefthe primer, the need-le valve 24 -is rotates tiony With theoutenend otfsaidfsleeven. The; toopen position-to permit the desiredauiount youter end of the valve 2bais-preferablyprof-1y ot fue] {iowand therod actuated toopen 115 videdlwith anannular flangeadaptedtodos@` the valveQG-the desired amount,V whereupon againsttheplate lZand limit invvardfniovef aif;l will flow under 4the suctioninduced ``by ment. of said valve vand agaslret QZflisfinteraopera.on ot the-internall combustion engine posed between said flangezandtherplateflQ tO.v through the-portsf29,valve 26, sleeve` shell eectively-seal thejointtherebetween Whom 10, mixing valve 2L conduit B7 and throat 12e said valveis in closedposit-ion!v A@retractile,n elintothe intake` passage et verigirse coil spring 28 operatively-connects theoutenr which;air:` asrit passes throng;L thevalve end of the valve Qdwith theinnerjendot'the meets Wit-hi and is thoroughly mixed, .with sleeve 25 and. .actsfto normally positionsaid; i`uel vapor from the central bore of said valve.

G9 f valve v-at the innermost ilimitiO- tszrauge of; The-liquid tueledtothe cylinderlethrouqh 12; trave-l andiihGIlCG'slriClOSiIlg'fFGMQD; With; the pipe ll5 is;heated bythe coil l? `so *that the p lateilQ. The Walls of the .valve Qtradjiaaonly" 'warmt vapor is; drawn- 'to the-valve. Q1 cent its closedfendxare provided. ivvithtfports; through the housingQQ and 'passage 23, the or openingsQQfWhich act Whenthe said. valve. coil; 17 Ifurther.seiwingfH-to heat rthefintenior 652' ismoved outwardlyiof theisleevefQ'fto. pro-1- of thegshelliilOfso that I theincomingiailwill; 130

be ivaiined. It is the function of the valve 21 to thoroughly agitate the mixture passing therethrough and thus produce a highly combustible fuel charge. Release of the rod permits the -spring 28 to close the valve 26 and arrest operation of the primer, Whether or not the needle valve be closed.

Since infinite changes in the specific form, construction and arrangement of the elements shown and described may be had Without departing from the spirit of the invention, I Wish to be understood as being limited solely by the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention l. A primer for internal combustion engines comprising a housing, a mixing valve in one Wall of said housing, separate air and fuel supply means communicating with said valve through said housing, electrical Vheating means Within said housing operable to simultaneously heat the air and fuel furnished by said supply means prio-r to their admixture, and means operatively connecting said mixing valve With the intakeY of an internal combustion engine.

2. A primer for internal combustion engines comprising a housing, a mixing valve in one Wall of said housing, separate air and fuel supply means communicating With said valve through said housing, adjustable means operable to control the amounts of air and fuel fed through said supply means, a single electrica-l heating unit vvithin said housing arranged to simultaneously heat the air and fuel furnished by said supply means prior to their admixture, and means operatively connecting said mixing valve With the intake of an internal combustion engine. c

3. A primer for internal combustion engines comprising a normally closed housing. means operatively connecting the interior of said housing vvith the intake of an internal combustion engine, a mixing valve positioned at the junction of said housing and -connecting means, fuel supply means communicating through said housing with said mixing valve, air supply means communicating through said housing with said mixing valve independently of said fuel supply means, a single electrical heating unit vvithin said hous ing arranged to simultaneously heat the. air and fuel fed through said supply means prior to their admixture, and adjustable means operable to control the flovv through said air and fuel supply means.

4. A primer for internal combustion engines comprising a normally closed housing, means operatively connecting the interior of said housing With the intake of an internal combustion engine, a mixing valve positioned at the junction of said housing and connecting means, a supplement-ary chamber Within and sealed from said housing, a fuel supply line communicating With the interior of said supplementary chamber, a valve-controlled passage between saidsupplementary chamber' and said mixing valve,adjustable 'air supply means communicating through said housing' withv said `mixing valve, manually-operable means for adjustingfthe' flovv ofair and'fuel vto saidr'nixing4 valve,v and an'electrical heat-V ing-unit positioned about said supplementary chamberandl operable to simultaneously heat the -air 'and fuel -fed through said housing prior to theiradmixture..

5.A' primer for internal combustion engines comprising a normally closed housing, means operatively connecting thefinterior of said housing with the intakeof an internal combustion engine, a mixing valve positioned at the unction of said housing and connecting means, valve-controlled fuel supply means communicating through said housing v With said mixing valve, an open-ended sleeve carried vvithin and opening through one Wall of said housing, a valve slidable in and nor-l mally closing the outer end of said sleeve, spring means engaging between said sleeve and slidable valve to normally position the latter in closing relation with said sleeve,

manually-operable means axially movable to adjust said slidable valve and rotatable to control the flow of fuel to said mixing valve,

and an electrical heating unit Within said housing arranged to simultaneously heat the air and fuel fed through said housing prior to their admixture.

6. A primer for internal combustion enf gines comprising a normally closed housing, means operatively connecting the interior of said housing with the intake of an internal combustion engine, a plate transversely ofY los and obstructing said connecting means, an

axial bore in said plate, valve-controlled fuel supply means communicating through said housing With'said axial borea plurality of bores in said plate in angular relation with vsaid axial bore, valve-controlled air supply means communicating through said housing vv1th said latter bores, and an electrical heat-y ing unit Within said housing arranged to.r

simultaneously heat the air and fuel fed through said housing prior to their admixture.

7. In a primer for internal combustion engines having an air chamber operatively connected with the intake of an internal combusfed to said mixing valve prior te their ad-l mixture, said means comprising a coil of resistance Wire about the exterior surface of said fuel chamber and an electrical circuit operatively including said coil.

8. In a primer for internal combustion enizo 

